Video Production : Disciplines and Techniques,9780072314526

Video Production : Disciplines and Techniques

by ; ; ; ;
Edition: 8th
ISBN13: 9780072314526
ISBN10: 0072314524
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2000-08-04
Publisher(s): McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages
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Summary

Video Production: Disciplines and Techniques introduces students to the operations underlying multiple-camera video production. This textbook deals with a range of issues from how crew members interact with equipment to the manner in which crews interact with each other. More than just telling students "what to do," this textbook shows how to do a job and why.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction to Video

1.1 Personal Disciplines in Support of Technique

Development of a Professional Attitude
Attitudes and Self-Image

1.2 The Move to Convergence

1.3 Historical Background

Early Television
Uses of Film and Live Cameras
The Impact of Recorded and Edited Video
Portable Video Equipment

1.4 Recent Innovations

Digital Formats
Computer-Controlled Editing
Video Compression
Interactive Video
A new Technology for Playback and Recording

1.5 Aspects of Employment in the Video Industry

Work Patterns and Locations
Final Notes on Employment

Discussion Questions

Chapter 2: Cast and Crew

2.1 Producers

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.2 Directors

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.3 Associate Directors

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.4 Stage Managers

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.5 Camera Operators

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.6 Teleprompter Operators

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.7 Lighting Directors

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.8 Audio Operators

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.9 Technical Directors

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.10 Graphics Operators

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.11 Video Operators

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.12 Editors

Before Production Begins
During Rehearsal and Recording
After the Production

2.13 Other Positions

2.14 Cast

Television Performers
Television Actors

Discussion Questions

Chapter 3: Audio

3.1 Seven Basic Control Functions

Transducing
Channeling
Mixing
Amplifying
Shaping
Monitoring
Recording and Playing Back

3.2 Microphones

Pick-UpPatterns
Impedance
Frequency Response
Tupes of Microphones
Stereo Recording

3.3 Outboard Equipment

CD Players
Turntables
DAT Recorders
Cassette Recorders
MiniDisc Recorders
Cartridge Recorders
Digital Carts
Reel-to-reel Recorders
Videotape Audio Tracks
Synthesizers
Servers and Other Computer-Based Equipment

3.4 Cables, Connectors, and Patch Bays

Cables
Connectors
Patch Bays

3.5 – Audio Consoles

The Basic Board
Advanced Functions

3.6 – Digital Audio Workstations

3.7 – Tips for Recording Good Sound

3.8 Voice Command Procedure

Discussion Questions

Chapter 4: Lighting

4.1 Types of Light: Incident and Reflected

4.2 General Lighting Objectives

Intensity and Consistency
Contrast Radio
Color Temperature

4.3 Creative Lighting Objectives

Shape, Texture, and Perspective
Reality
Mood
Focus of Attention

4.4 Lighting Instruments

Lamps
Spotlights
Floodlights

4.5 Fundamental Lighting Concepts

Three-Point Lighting
Auxiliary Light Sources
Multiple-Camera Lighting

4.6 Lighting Setup Procedures

Mounting Lighting Instruments
Lighting Control Factors

4.7 Preproduction Planning

4.8 Safety Precautions and Disciplines

Discussion Questions

Chapter 5: Cameras

5.1 The Video Scanning Process

NTSC Television
ATSC Television

5.2 Principles of Video Color

Hue
Saturation
Luminance

5.3 Lens Characteristics

Focal Length
Focus
The F-stop Aperture
Depth of Field

5.4 Production Use of the Zoom

Lens Ratio
Movement Control
Macro Lens

5.5 Camera Unit Controls

Viewfinder Visual Indicators and Controls
Filters
White Balance
Video Output Level Selector
Other Controls

5.6 Camera Mounting and Movement

Camera Head Movement
Camera Mounts
Camera Mount Movements
Hand-held Cameras
Robotic Camera Control

5.7 Field of View

The Long Shot (LS)
The Medium Shot (MS)
The Close-up (CU)
Alternating Fields of View

5.8 Picture Composition

Framing
Headroom
Lead Room
Depth Composition
Angle of Elevation
Balance
Other Composition Problems

5.9 Production Techniques

Discussion Questions6.1 Basic Principles of Video Switchers
Digital Switchers
Master Control and Routing Switchers

6.2 Basic Switcher Design

Buses
Using the Preset Bus
Wipes
Keys
Mix and Preview Buses

6.3 Operational Techniques of Video Switchers

GVG 110HD Overview
Performing Dissolves
Fader Movement
Automatic Transitions
Execution of the Wipe Transition
Keyed Special Effects with Two and Three Sources

6.4 Advanced Switcher Functions

Digital Effects
Advanced Control

6.5 Video Production Commands

Discussion Questions

Chapter 7: Video Recording and Playback

7.1 The Video Signal

Special Attributes of the Video Signal
Generational Losses in Videotape

7.2 Analog Video Signal Flow

Control Components
Diagnostic Components

7.3 Digital Video and Servers

Converting Between Analog and Digital
Compression
Servers and Networks

7.4 Principles of Videotape Recording

Helical-Scan Videotape Recording
Videotape Track Functions
Time Code

7.5 Video Recorder Operation and Controls

Connections
Controls
Visual Indicators and Meters

7.6 Video Recorder Performance and Maintenance

Discussion Questions

Chapter 8: Video Editing

8.1 Comparing Non-Linear and Linear Editing

Advantages of Non-Linear Editing
Disadvantages of Non-Linear Editing

8.2 Types of Editing

Editing Situations
Off-Line and On-Line Editing

8.3 Editing Preparation

Shooting
Review
Decision-Making

8.4 Non-linear Editing

Raw Material—Importing and Digitizing
Editing--Clips and Programs
File Management
Output

8.5 Linear Editing

Linear Editing Configurations
Types of Tape Edits
Linear Editing Techniques

8.6 Editing Aesthetics

When to Edit—Information and Action
Jump Cuts
Screen Direction
Transitions
Ethics of Editing

Discussion Questions

Chapter 9: Graphics and Sets

9.1 Pictorial Design Factors

Balance and Mass
Lines and Angles
Tone and Color

9.2 Computer Generated Graphics

Character Generation
Graphics Generation
Electronic Storage
Proprietary vs. PC-Based Systems
NTSC and ATSC Aspect Ratios

9.3 Other Graphics

Using Out-of-Aspect Graphics
Keystoning and Essential Area

9.4 Graphic Aesthetics

Symbol Size
Simplicity and Style
Color Contrast

9.5 Basics of Sets

9.6 Virtual Sets

9.7 Traditional Sets

Constructing and Obtaining Scenic Elements
Assembling and Setting Up Scenic Elements
Storage of Scenic Elements

Discussion Questions

Chapter 10 Interactive Media

10.1 Interactivity and Dynamic Content

10.2 Elements of Interactive Media

Text
Graphics
Audio
Video
Links

10.3 Types of Interactive Media

Stand-Alone Computer Systems
World Wide Web-Based Systems

10.4 Tools of Interactive Media

Hardware
Software

10.5 Interactive Media Production

Interactive Media Planning
Interactive Media Production

10.6 An Interactive Media Production Example

Discussion Questions

Chapter 11: Producing

11.1 Types of Producers

Executive Producers
Line Producers
Associate Producers
Hyphenates

11.2 Idea Generation

Treatments and Proposals
Varying Script Forms

11.3 Budgets

Costs of Productions
Pay Rates
Facilities and Equipment
Constructing and Adhering to the Budget
The Role of the Unit Manager
Budget Overruns

11.4 Personnel

Casting
Crew Selection

11.5 Production Paperwork

Copyright Clearance
Record Keeping

11.6 Schedules

11.7 Evaluation

Discussion Questions

Chapter 12: Directing

12.1 The “Manager” Role

Blocking
Marking the Script
Preparing Shot Sheets
Conducting Rehearsals
Timing
Calling Commands

12.2 The “Artist” Role

Shot Juxtaposition
Camera Selection
Shot Relationships
Transitions

12.3 The “Psychiatrist” Role

Familiarity
New Relationships
Directorial Style
Expectations

12.4 Production Project: The Discussion Program

Staging
Lighting
Shot Continuity
Transitions
Camera Blocking
Calling Shots

Discussion Questions

Chapter 13: Field Production

13.1 Introduction

Techniques
Discipline

13.2 Cast and Crew

Crew Size
Cleanup
Cast Considerations
Nonsequential Shooting

13.3 Audio

Microphones
Control Equipment
Wildtrack
Extraneous Noise

13.4 Lighting

Indoor Location Lighting
Outdoor Location Lighting

13.5 Cameras

White Balancing
Filters
Gain
Power
Camera Mounts and Movement
Camera Care and Maintenance

13.6 Video Recording

Setup and Connections
Taping Procedure

13.7 Editing

The Editing Process
Audio Editing

13.8 Graphics and Sets

Graphics
Sets

13.9 Producing

Scripting
Finding a Location
Surveying a Location
Stock Footage
Budgeting
Conceptualization and Preproduction Planning
Breakdown Sheets
Shooting Schedule
Stripboards

13.10 Directing

Rehearsals
Production Processes
Editing Aesthetics

Discussion Questions

A Wrap-up

Bibliography

Glossary

Index

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