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1 | (22) |
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Becoming Speakers, Readers, and Writers |
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2 | (1) |
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Aspects of Language Knowledge |
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3 | (11) |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (2) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (3) |
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Relation of Aspects of Language Knowledge to Communication |
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13 | (1) |
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Levels of Language Knowledge |
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14 | (2) |
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Oral and Written Language Modes |
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16 | (2) |
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Critical Role of Children's Oral Language Competencies |
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18 | (3) |
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Insights from Research on Oral and Written Language |
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19 | (2) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (38) |
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Learning to Communicate: Theoretical Perspectives |
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23 | (11) |
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24 | (2) |
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Cognitive Developmental Perspective |
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26 | (2) |
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28 | (1) |
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Interactionist Perspective |
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29 | (5) |
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The Brain's Role in Language Acquisition |
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34 | (5) |
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Conceptual Development and Language |
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39 | (5) |
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Role of Experiences in the Development of Semantic Knowledge |
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40 | (4) |
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Measuring Semantic Growth |
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44 | (1) |
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Home, Community, and School |
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44 | (9) |
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Patterns of Interaction: Overview |
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44 | (9) |
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Contexts of Language Acquisition |
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53 | (4) |
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Informal Settings, Formal Settings, and Routines |
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54 | (3) |
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Developmental Appropriateness |
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57 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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59 | (2) |
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Language Development Among Children of Linguistic Diversity |
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61 | (33) |
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62 | (11) |
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62 | (2) |
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64 | (4) |
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African American English Dialect |
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68 | (2) |
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70 | (3) |
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Language Diversity and Second Language Acquisition |
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73 | (7) |
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Becoming Bilingual: Acquiring Two Languages |
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73 | (3) |
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Distinctions Necessary Between Spanish and English |
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76 | (1) |
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Factors Influencing Second Language Acquisition |
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77 | (3) |
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Programs for Second Language Learners |
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80 | (7) |
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English as a Second Language (ESL) |
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82 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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Foreign Languages in the Elementary School (FLES) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (2) |
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Ways of Enhancing Development of Linguistic Diversity |
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87 | (4) |
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87 | (1) |
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Creating a Positive Classroom Environment |
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88 | (1) |
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Building on First Language Competencies |
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89 | (1) |
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Creating a Learning Community |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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91 | (2) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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93 | (1) |
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Language Development of Infants and Toddlers |
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94 | (31) |
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Infants' Perceptual Abilities |
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95 | (1) |
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Early Communication Contexts |
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95 | (2) |
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Aspects of Infants' and Toddlers' Language Development |
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97 | (1) |
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Infants' Phonetic Development |
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98 | (2) |
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Receptive Phonetic Knowledge |
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98 | (1) |
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Expressive Phonetic Knowledge |
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98 | (2) |
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Toddlers' Phonetic Development |
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100 | (2) |
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Health Problems and Phonetic Knowledge Development |
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102 | (2) |
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Ear Infections: Otitis Media |
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102 | (1) |
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Physical Malformations in the Speech Mechanism |
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103 | (1) |
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Infants' Semantic Development |
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104 | (3) |
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Semantic Development of Toddlers |
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107 | (3) |
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Syntactic Development in Infancy |
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110 | (2) |
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Syntactic Development in Toddlerhood |
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112 | (2) |
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Morphemic Development in Infancy |
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114 | (1) |
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Morphemic Development in Toddlerhood |
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115 | (1) |
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Pragmatic Development in Infancy |
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116 | (1) |
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Pragmatic Development in Toddlerhood |
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117 | (5) |
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122 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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123 | (2) |
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Enhancing Language Development in Infants and Toddlers |
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125 | (29) |
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Developmental Appropriateness of Curricula |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (3) |
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General Guidelines for Interactions Between Caregivers and Infants |
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127 | (3) |
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General Guidelines for Infant Classroom Settings |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (7) |
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130 | (4) |
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Caregiver-Mediated Activities |
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134 | (2) |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (3) |
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General Guidelines for Caregiver Interactions with Toddlers |
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137 | (3) |
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140 | (12) |
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General Guidelines for Curricula in Toddler Classrooms |
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140 | (12) |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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153 | (1) |
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Language Development in Preschoolers |
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154 | (28) |
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155 | (4) |
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159 | (3) |
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Development of Phonetic Knowledge |
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162 | (2) |
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Development of Semantic Knowledge |
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164 | (4) |
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Development of Syntactic Knowledge |
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168 | (2) |
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Noun and Verb Phrase Complexity |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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Development of Morphemic Knowledge |
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170 | (2) |
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Development of Pragmatic Knowledge |
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172 | (3) |
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Pragmatic Knowledge and Emergent Literacy |
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175 | (2) |
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Pragmatic Knowledge of Storybooks |
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177 | (3) |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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181 | (1) |
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Enhancing Language Development in Preschoolers |
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182 | (36) |
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Guidelines for Interactions with Preschoolers |
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183 | (10) |
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183 | (4) |
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187 | (2) |
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189 | (2) |
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191 | (1) |
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Summary Thoughts for Conversations with Preschoolers |
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192 | (1) |
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Curricular Activities for Enhancing Preschoolers' Language |
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193 | (22) |
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Encouraging Language Development Through Exploratory Activities |
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193 | (13) |
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Encouraging Language Development Through Teacher-Guided Activities |
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206 | (6) |
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Encouraging Language Development During Routines |
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212 | (3) |
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215 | (1) |
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216 | (1) |
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216 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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217 | (1) |
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Language Development in Kindergartners |
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218 | (21) |
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Development of Phonetic Knowledge |
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219 | (6) |
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Phonetic Knowledge of Oral Language |
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219 | (1) |
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Phonetic Knowledge of Written Language |
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220 | (1) |
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Evidence of Phonetic Knowledge in Reading Attempts |
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220 | (1) |
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Evidence of Phonetic Knowledge in Writing Attempts |
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220 | (5) |
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Development of Semantic Knowledge |
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225 | (3) |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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Kindergartners' Story Vocabulary |
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227 | (1) |
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Semantic Knowledge in Story Re-Creations |
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228 | (1) |
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Development of Syntactic Knowledge |
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228 | (2) |
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229 | (1) |
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229 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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Development of Morphemic Knowledge |
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230 | (2) |
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231 | (1) |
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Comparatives and Superlatives |
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231 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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Development of Pragmatic Knowledge |
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232 | (5) |
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Pragmatic Knowledge of Oral Language |
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232 | (1) |
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Pragmatic Knowledge of Written Language |
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233 | (4) |
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237 | (1) |
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237 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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238 | (1) |
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Enhancing the Language Development of Kindergartners |
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239 | (23) |
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Overview of Kindergarten Curricula |
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239 | (2) |
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Guidelines for Teachers' Interactions with Kindergartners |
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241 | (3) |
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Language-Related Curricular Goals |
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244 | (1) |
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Goal One: Increase Children's Ability to Communicate Orally in Instructional and Conversational Settings |
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244 | (1) |
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Goal Two: Encourage an Awareness of the Purposes of Reading and Writing |
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244 | (1) |
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Goal Three: Increase Listening Comprehension |
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244 | (1) |
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Goal Four: Increase Vocabulary Through Conceptual Development |
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245 | (1) |
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Goal Five: Increase Children's Awareness of the Process of Communicating by Using Written Language |
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245 | (1) |
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Language-Enhancing Activities Throughout Kindergarten |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (7) |
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Learning Center Activities |
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246 | (5) |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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Teacher-Guided Activities |
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252 | (7) |
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252 | (1) |
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252 | (3) |
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Dictated and Interactive Writing |
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255 | (2) |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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``Specials'' Within the School Building |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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261 | (1) |
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Language Development in the Primary Years |
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262 | (19) |
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Development of Phonetic Knowledge |
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263 | (4) |
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263 | (1) |
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Written Language Knowledge |
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264 | (3) |
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Development of Semantic Knowledge |
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267 | (3) |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (1) |
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268 | (2) |
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Development of Syntactic Knowledge |
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270 | (3) |
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270 | (2) |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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Development of Morphemic Knowledge |
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273 | (3) |
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Development of Pragmatic Knowledge |
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276 | (3) |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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Pragmatic Knowledge of Written Language |
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276 | (3) |
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279 | (1) |
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279 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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280 | (1) |
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Enhancing Language Development in the Primary Years |
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281 | (25) |
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Interaction Patterns for Primary Classrooms |
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283 | (1) |
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Overview of Language-Related Primary Curricular Goals |
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284 | (1) |
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Key Role of Listening Competencies |
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285 | (1) |
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Planning Activities to Enhance Primary-Age Students' Language Development |
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286 | (1) |
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Exploratory-Discovery Center Activities |
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287 | (7) |
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288 | (1) |
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288 | (3) |
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Content-Concept Learning Centers |
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291 | (1) |
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291 | (2) |
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Take-Home Exploratory Activities |
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293 | (1) |
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Teacher-Directed Activities |
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294 | (6) |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (2) |
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297 | (1) |
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298 | (1) |
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Language Experience and Interactive Writing |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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Small-Group Teacher-Directed Activities |
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300 | (4) |
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301 | (1) |
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301 | (1) |
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302 | (1) |
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Collaborative-Cooperative Projects |
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303 | (1) |
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304 | (1) |
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304 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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305 | (1) |
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Exploring Children's Use of Language: Assessment |
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306 | (25) |
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Relation Between Assessment and Curriculum |
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307 | (3) |
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Determining the Purpose of Assessment |
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307 | (2) |
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Determining the Impact of Assessments on Curriculum and Classroom Environment |
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309 | (1) |
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Reviewing the Types of Assessments Available |
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310 | (1) |
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310 | (1) |
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310 | (1) |
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311 | (1) |
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Examples of Informal Assessment Measures |
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311 | (7) |
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Checklists and Observation Scales |
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311 | (3) |
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314 | (1) |
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Audiotapes and Videotapes |
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314 | (2) |
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Examples of Comprehensive Informal Language Assessments |
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316 | (2) |
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318 | (4) |
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Scope of Development Measured |
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319 | (1) |
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319 | (1) |
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Purpose Served by Measure: Diagnosis or Screening |
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319 | (1) |
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Strengths of Formal Measures |
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320 | (1) |
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Weaknesses of Formal Measures |
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321 | (1) |
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Overview of Specific Formal Assessment Instruments |
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322 | (1) |
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Developing a Portfolio on Language Acquisition |
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323 | (3) |
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Using the Assessment Information |
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326 | (2) |
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328 | (1) |
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Assessment-Based Curricular Changes |
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328 | (1) |
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329 | (1) |
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329 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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330 | (1) |
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Enhancing Language Development Among Children with Communicative Disorders |
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331 | (12) |
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A Team Approach to Helping Children with Communicative Disorders |
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332 | (1) |
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333 | (1) |
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333 | (1) |
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Techniques for Enhancing Language Development Among Children with Hearing Impairment |
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334 | (1) |
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334 | (2) |
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334 | (1) |
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Techniques for Enhancing Language Development Among Children with Articulation Disorders |
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335 | (1) |
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336 | (3) |
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336 | (1) |
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Techniques for Enhancing Language Development Among Children Who Stutter |
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337 | (2) |
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Specific Language Impairment (SLI)/Language Delay |
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339 | (1) |
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339 | (1) |
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Techniques for Enhancing Language Development Among Children with SLI or Language Delay |
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339 | (1) |
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340 | (1) |
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340 | (1) |
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Techniques for Enhancing Language Development Among Children with Cognitive Impairment |
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340 | (1) |
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Making Referrals for Children At Risk for Communicative Disorders |
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341 | (1) |
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341 | (1) |
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341 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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342 | (1) |
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Fostering Language Development Through School-Home Connections |
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343 | (22) |
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Goals for Establishing School-Home Connections |
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344 | (2) |
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Increasing Parents' Awareness of Their Role |
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344 | (1) |
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Increasing Parents' Awareness of Classroom Curriculum |
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345 | (1) |
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Increasing Teacher's/School's Awareness and Understanding of Home Environment |
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345 | (1) |
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Establishing a Learning Community |
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346 | (2) |
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346 | (1) |
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Cooperation and Collaboration |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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Factors Influencing Family/Parental Involvement |
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348 | (2) |
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Parents' Own Experiences in School |
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348 | (1) |
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348 | (1) |
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Parents' Work Obligations |
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349 | (1) |
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Parents' Perceptions of Available Opportunities for Involvement |
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349 | (1) |
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Opportunities for Participation and Involvement |
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350 | (1) |
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Types of Interaction in School-Home Connections |
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350 | (1) |
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Encouraging Parents to Come to School |
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350 | (5) |
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Informal Conversations and Social Events |
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350 | (1) |
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351 | (1) |
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352 | (2) |
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354 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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At-Home Learning Activities |
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355 | (4) |
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357 | (1) |
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357 | (1) |
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358 | (1) |
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359 | (1) |
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Characteristics of Successful Parent Programs |
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360 | (1) |
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Examples of Successful Home-School Connections |
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361 | (1) |
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362 | (1) |
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363 | (1) |
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Chapter Extension Activities |
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|
363 | (2) |
| Appendix A Teacher Resources for Linguistic and Cultural Diversity |
|
365 | (1) |
| Appendix B Ear Infections: Otitis Media |
|
366 | (3) |
| Appendix C Resource Books for Toddler Activities |
|
369 | (1) |
| Appendix D Enhancing Language Development Among Infants and Toddlers |
|
370 | (4) |
| Appendix E Generalizations on the Order of Phoneme Acquisition |
|
374 | (1) |
| Appendix F Teaching Resources for Enhancing Preschool Children's Language Development |
|
375 | (1) |
| Appendix G Teacher Resources for Kindergarten |
|
376 | (1) |
| Appendix H Resources for Word Study Activities |
|
377 | (1) |
| Appendix I Recommended References for At-Home Language/Literacy Activities |
|
378 | (1) |
| Appendix J Example of Storybook-Based Language Observation |
|
379 | (10) |
| Glossary |
|
389 | (6) |
| References |
|
395 | (20) |
| Index |
|
415 | |